(This document is from Dan Rodney, I modified a little and put here is just only for my personal reference. I will translate it if I get some requires.)
Guide to the Mac』s Menu Symbols
|
Symbol
|
Key on Keyboard |
Symbol
|
Key on Keyboard |
|
|
Command/Apple key (like Control on a PC) |
|
Delete |
|
|
Option (like Alt on a PC) |
|
Escape |
|
|
Shift |
|
Page Up |
|
|
Control (Control-click = Right-click) |
|
Page Down |
|
|
Tab |
|
Home |
|
|
Return |
|
End |
|
|
Enter (on Number Pad) |
|
Arrow Keys |
Finder Shortcuts
| Action |
Keystroke |
| Open Sidebar item in a new window |
Cmd-Click it |
| Switch Finder views (Icon, List, Column, Cover Flow) |
Cmd-1, Cmd-2, Cmd-3, Cmd-4 |
| In List view, expand a folder |
Right Arrow |
| In List view, collapse a folder |
Left Arrow |
| Rename the selected file/folder |
Press Return (or Enter) |
| Go into selected folder |
Cmd-Down Arrow |
| Go to parent folder |
Cmd-Up Arrow |
| Go Back |
Cmd-[ (that』s left square bracket) |
| Go Forward |
Cmd-] (that』s right square bracket) |
| Select the next icon in Icon and List views |
Tab (Shift-Tab reverses direction) |
| Alternate columns in Column View |
Tab (Shift-Tab reverses direction) |
| Instantly show long file name (for names condensed with a 「…」) |
Hold Option while mousing over long filenames |
| Resize current column to fit the longest file name |
Double-Click column resize widget |
| Resize all columns to fit their longest file names |
Option Double-Click resize widget |
| Copy and Paste files |
Cmd-C, then Cmd-V |
| Move a file instead of copying. (Copies the file to the destination and removes it from the original disk.) |
Cmd-Drag file to disk |
| Move selected files to the Trash |
Cmd-Delete |
| Empty the Trash (with warning) |
Cmd-Shift-Delete |
| Empty the Trash (without warning) |
Cmd-Opt-Shift-Delete |
| Cancel a drag-n-drop action while in the midst of dragging |
Esc |
| Show Inspector (a single, live refreshing Info window) |
Cmd-Opt-I |
| Undo the last action (such as rename file, copy file, etc.) |
Cmd-Z |
| Hide/Show Sidebar (on the left) |
Cmd-Opt-T |
Move or Remove item in toolbar (at the top of the window).
This works in most programs. |
Cmd-drag |
| Open Quick Look (Mac OS 10.5) |
With file selected, tap Spacebar (or Cmd-Y) |
| Zoom In/Out on a Quick Look Preview |
Cmd-Plus(+) or Cmd-Minus(-) |
F
ind by File Name (Mac OS 10.
5) |
Cmd-Shift-F |
Application Switcher
| Action |
Keystroke |
Quickly switch between 2 programs
(ie: InDesign & Photoshop) |
Press Cmd-Tab to switch to the last used program.
Press Cmd-Tab again to switch back.
NOTE: Press keys quickly and do NOT hold them down. |
| Switch between programs (but you choose which program to switch to) |
Press Cmd-Tab and continue holding Cmd.
While holding Cmd, to choose which program you want to switch to you can:
• press Tab (several times if needed) to scroll right
• press Shift-Tab or tilde(~) to scroll left
• use the left/right arrow keys
• aim with the mouse
• use end/home keys to just to first/last item |
| Quit a program using the application switcher |
When in the app switcher you』re already holding Cmd.
Once the program is selected hit Q to quit. |
| Hide a program using the application switcher |
When in the app switcher you』re already holding Cmd.
Once the program is selected hit H to hide. |
| Cancel out of the application switcher once it』s open |
When in the app switcher you’re already holding Cmd.
Hit Esc or period(.) |
Dock Shortcuts
| Action |
Keystroke |
| Hide all other applications (except the one you’re clicking on) |
Command-Option click an App』s icon in Dock |
| Reveal a Dock item』s location in the Finder |
Command Click on the icon in the Dock |
| Move and a Dock item to somewhere else on the hard drive |
Command Drag the icon from the Dock to new destination |
| Force a file to open in a specific program |
While dragging the file onto an app』s icon in the Dock, hold Command-Option |
| When in an app』s Dock menu, change the Quit to Force Quit |
Hold Option while in Dock menu |
| Force the Dock to only resize to non-interpolated icon sizes |
Hold Option while dragging Dock separator |
| Move Dock to left, bottom, right side of screen |
Hold Shift and drag Dock divider |
| Temporarily turn magnification on (or off) It』s a toggle. |
Hold Control-Shift (Mac OS 10.5) |
Working with Windows
| Action |
Keystroke |
| Switch windows (works in most programs) |
Next window: Cmd-tilde(~)
Previous Window: Cmd-Shift-tilde(~) |
| See where the File/Folder is located (a menu will pop-up displaying the folder hierarchy). This works in 「most」 programs as well as the Finder. |
Cmd-Click on name of the window in its titlebar |
Move a window in the background without switching to it.
(Example: You』re in a dialog and can』t move a window in the background, so Cmd-Drag its titlebar.) |
Cmd-Drag on a window』s titlebar |
Taking Screenshots
| Action |
Keystroke |
| Take picture of the entire screen |
Cmd-Shift-3 |
| Take picture of a selected area |
Cmd-Shift-4 and Drag over desired area
New in Mac OS 10.5: While dragging:
– Hold Spacebar to move selected area.
– Hold Shift to change size in one direction only (horizontal or vertical)
– Hold Option for center-based resizing. |
| Take picture of a specific window/object |
Cmd-Shift-4, then press Spacebar, then Click on the window/object |
| Copy the screenshot to the clipboard instead of making a file |
Hold Control with the above keystrokes |
| Screenshots are saved to the Desktop as PNG file in OS 10.4 and later (or a PDF file in OS 10.3 and prior). |
Startup Commands
| Action |
Keystroke |
| Eject CD on boot |
Hold Mouse button down immediately after powering on |
| OS X Safe boot |
Hold Shift during startup |
| Start up in FireWire Target Disk mode |
Hold T during startup |
| Startup from a CD |
Hold C during startup |
| Bypass primary startup volume and seek a different startup volume (CD, etc.) |
Hold Cmd-Opt-Shift-Delete during startup |
| Choose Startup disk before booting |
Hold Option during startup |
| Start up in Verbose mode |
Hold Cmd-V during startup |
| Start up in Single-User mode (command line) |
Hold Cmd-S during startup |
| Force OS X startup |
Hold X during startup |
Shutdown/Sleep Commands
| Action |
Keystroke |
| Shutdown immediately (no confirmation) |
Cmd-Opt-Ctrl-Eject |
| Sleep immediately (no confirmation) |
Cmd-Opt-Eject |
| Restart, Sleep, Shutdown dialog (like hitting the Power button on old Mac keyboards) |
Ctrl-Eject |
| Put display to sleep |
Ctrl-Shift-Eject |
Dashboard
| Action |
Keystroke |
| Open/Close Widget Dock |
Cmd-Plus(+) |
| Cycle to next/previous 「page」 of widgets in widget dock |
Cmd-Right/Left Arrow |
| Close a widget without having to open the widget dock |
Hold Option and hover over widget (close box will appear) |
| Reload/Refresh a widget |
Cmd-R |
Spaces Mac OS 10.5
| Action |
Keystroke |
| Activate Spaces (birds-eye view of all spaces) |
F8 |
| Consolidate all windows into a Single Workspace |
After pressing F8, press C to consolidate (press C again to restore) |
| Move to a neighboring space |
Ctrl-arrow key (left, right, up or down) |
| Move to a specific space |
Ctrl-number of the space (1, 2, 3, etc.) |
| Move all windows of an app to another space |
Cmd-Drag in Space』s birds-eye view (Control and Shift also work) |
Spotlight
| Action |
Keystroke |
| Open Spotlight Menu |
Cmd-Space |
| Open Spotlight Window |
Cmd-Option-Space |
| In Spotlight menu: Launch Top Hit |
Mac OS 10.5: Return
Mac OS 10.4: Cmd-Return |
| Reveal the selected item in the Finder |
In Spotlight Menu: Cmd-click item or press Cmd-Return
In Spotlight Window: Press Cmd-R
|
| Skip to first result in each category |
Cmd up/down arrow |
| Clear Spotlight』s search field |
Esc clears to do another search.
Esc a second time closes the spotlight menu. |
Working with Text (some only work in Cocoa apps like Safari, Mail, TextEdit, etc.)
| Action |
Keystroke |
| Go to end of line |
Cmd-right arrow |
| Go to beginning of line |
Cmd-left arrow |
| Go to end of all the text |
Cmd-down arrow |
| Go to beginning of all the text |
Cmd-up arrow |
| Go to end of current or next word |
Option-right arrow |
| Go to beginning of current or previous word |
Option-left arrow |
| NOTE: Add Shift to any of the above keystrokes to make a selection to that point. |
| On Laptops: Delete Text to the right of the cursor (like the Del key on a full keyboard) |
Function(fn)-Delete |
| Non-touching (Discontinuous) text selections |
Command-drag |
| Select non-linear areas |
Option-drag |
| Delete entire word to the left |
Opt-Delete |
| Look up word in dictionary |
Position mouse over a word and hold Cmd-Ctrl-D |
|
Auto completion word
|
Start typing the word. Press Esc (or F5) to open suggested word list
|
Emacs Key Bindings (only work in Cocoa apps like Safari, Mail, TextEdit, iChat, etc.)
| Action |
Keystroke |
Remember As |
| go to start of line (puts cursor at beginning of current line) |
Ctrl-A |
A = Start of alphabet |
| go to end of line (puts cursor at end of current line) |
Ctrl-E |
E = End |
| go up one line |
Ctrl-P |
P = Previous |
| go down one line |
Ctrl-N |
N = Next |
| go back one character (moves cursor left 1 place) |
Ctrl-B |
B = Back |
| go forward one character (moves cursor right 1 place) |
Ctrl-F |
F = Forward |
| delete the character to the right of the cursor |
Ctrl-D |
D = Delete |
| delete the character to the left of the cursor |
Ctrl-H |
|
| delete to end of the line (or delete the selection) |
Ctrl-K |
K = Kill rest of line |
| scroll down |
Ctrl-V |
|
| center the current line in the window |
Ctrl-L |
|
| insert line break after the cursor without moving the cursor |
Ctrl-O |
|
| transpose letters (swaps letter on the left and right of cursor) |
Ctrl-T |
T = Transpose |
Miscellaneous
| Action |
Keystroke |
| Force Quit (opens list so you can choose application) |
Cmd-Opt-Esc |
| Force Quit Frontmost Application (without confirmation) |
Hold Cmd-Opt-Shift-Escape for about 4 seconds |
On Laptops: Scroll (like a mouse』s scroll wheel)
(Works on newer laptops if enabled in System Preferences) |
Slide 2 fingers on the trackpad |
On Laptops: Right-click (like on a 2 button mouse)
(Works on newer laptops if enabled in System Preferences) |
Place 2 fingers on the trackpad and Click |
| Quickly find any menu item and launch it. (Mac OS 10.5) |
1. Press Cmd-? FYI: That』s Cmd-Shift-/
2. In the Help menu Search that opens, start typing a few letters of your desired menu command.
3. Arrow key down to the item you want and press Return to choose it. |
| Change system volume without the confirmation beeps |
Hold Shift while changing volume |
Completely smooth scrolling—one pixel at a time.
(Only works in Cocoa apps.) |
Hold Option while dragging scrollbar |
Open System Preferences:
NOTE: These launch directly into a preference pane.
Two examples are given. |
To open 「Sound」 Preferences:
Hold Option and press any Sound key
(Mute, Volume Up or Down )
To open 「Displays」 Preferences:
Hold Option and press any Brightness key |
| Open Front Row |
Cmd-Esc |
| Quickly Exit Front Row |
Press any F key, like F5. In 10.5 non F keys also work. |
Customize the toolbar at the top of a window.
Works for toolbars like in Safari, Apple Mail, Preview, Finder, etc. But it doesn’t work in all programs, like Firefox. |
– Rearrange icons:
Hold Cmd and drag the icons around.
– Remove icons:
Hold Cmd and drag icon off toolbar.
– View toolbar options:
Ctrl-click on the toolbar to get a menu.
|
Safari
| Action |
Keystroke |
| Move between found items (new in Safari 3) |
Cmd-F, enter your search text and Press:
Return to Move Forward
Shift-Return to Move Backward |
| Cancel current Find |
Press Escape or Cmd-Period(.) |
| Switch Tabs |
Next Tab: Cmd-Shift-Right Arrow
Previous Tab: Cmd-Shift-Left Arrow |
| Go to one of the first 9 bookmarks (not folders) in the Bookmarks Toolbar |
Cmd-1 through Cmd-9 |
| Scroll a webpage by a screenful |
Scroll Down: Spacebar or Option-Down Arrow
Scroll Up: Shift-Spacebar or Option-Up Arrow |
Apple』s Mail.app
| Action |
Keystroke |
| Reply to Message |
Cmd–R or
Option-Double Click Message |
| Go to the next/previous email in a thread even if you haven』t organized by threads |
Option-Up/Down Arrow |
| Scroll the listing of emails at the top (not the actual contents of an email) |
Ctrl-Page Up/Down |
Apple』s Preview.app
| Action |
Keystroke |
| Choose the Scroll tool |
Cmd-1 |
| Choose the Text tool |
Cmd-2 |
| Choose the Select tool |
Cmd-3 |
| Choose the Annotate tool |
Cmd-4 (Mac OS 10.4 only. 10.5 has separate keystrokes for each Annotation tool.) |
| Switch to Next tool |
Option-Right Arrow |
| Switch to Previous tool |
Option-Left Arrow |
| Zoom in or out |
Cmd-Plus(+) or Cmd-Minus(-) |
| Scroll Large Images |
Hold Spacebar and drag on the image (like you do in Photoshop) |
|
